CAS 79-04-9 refers to Acrylic Acid, a vital chemical in industries and scientific research. Understanding its properties, applications, and safety measures is paramount. Here are the 10 key points you should know about Acrylic Acid using a step-by-step format:
### What is CAS 79-04-9?
1. **Chemical Identification**.
- **Name:** Acrylic Acid.
- **CAS Number:** 79-04-9.
- **Formula:** C3H4O2.
Acrylic Acid is a colorless liquid with a distinctive acrid odor. It’s a simple carboxylic acid with a vinyl group attached to the carbonyl carbon.
### How is CAS 79-04-9 Produced?
2. **Production Methods**.
- **Chemical Synthesis:** Industrially, Acrylic Acid is produced by the oxidation of propylene. This can be done via the two-stage catalytic oxidation of propylene to acrolein followed by its further oxidation to Acrylic Acid.
- **Biological Pathways:** New methods involve biotechnological processes using microbial fermentation, though these are less common.
### Key Properties of Acrylic Acid.
3. **Physical and Chemical Properties**.
- **Boiling Point:** 141°C.
- **Melting Point:** 13°C.
- **Density:** 1.051 g/cm³.
- **Solubility:** Miscible with water and most organic solvents.
Acrylic Acid is highly reactive due to its ability to polymerize easily, making safety and handling essential.
### Applications of Acrylic Acid.
4. **Usage in Industries**.
- **Polymer Production:** Used to make acrylate polymers and copolymers, which are essential in coatings, adhesives, and sealants.
- **Superabsorbent Polymers:** Found in personal care products like diapers.
- **Water Treatment Chemicals:** Serves as a raw material in manufacturing water treatment agents.
The versatility of Acrylic Acid stems from its ability to participate in various chemical reactions, leading to diverse applications.
### Safety Measures for Handling Acrylic Acid.
5. **Health Hazards**.
- **Exposure Risks:** Can cause skin burns, eye damage, and respiratory issues upon inhalation.
- **Protective Gear:** Usage of gloves, safety glasses, and appropriate respiratory protection is necessary.
6. **Storage Requirements**.
- **Conditions:** Must be stored in cool, well-ventilated areas away from sources of ignition.
- **Stabilization:** Often shipped with inhibitors to prevent unwanted polymerization.
### Environmental Impact.
7. **Ecological Effects**.
- **Biodegradability:** Acrylic Acid is biodegradable but can cause short-term ecological damage if released in large quantities.
- **Management:** Industrial waste containing Acrylic Acid should be treated to minimize environmental risks.
### Regulatory Information.
8. **Compliance and Regulations**.
- **EU REACH Registration:** Acrylic Acid is registered under REACH regulations, ensuring compliance with safety standards in Europe.
- **OSHA and EPA Guidelines:** In the United States, governed by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines.
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### Chemical Reactivity.
9. **Reactivity and Stability**.
- **Polymerization:** Can polymerize spontaneously under certain conditions, posing hazards.
- **Inhibition:** Inhibitors like hydroquinone monomethyl ether are added to prevent this.
10. **Disposal Considerations**.
- **Waste Management:** Acrylic Acid waste should be neutralized and disposed of by following local regulations to mitigate ecological impacts.
### Conclusion.
Understanding CAS 79-04-9, or Acrylic Acid, is crucial for those in chemical manufacturing, research, and related fields. From its identification, production, and properties to safety and environmental considerations, each step is vital for its effective and responsible use.
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